Caernarfon is located at the southern end of the Menai Strait between north Wales and Anglesey and is one of Europe's great medieval fortresses. It was built by Edward I circ. 1283 as a military stronghold and also as a seat of government and royal palace.

Caernarfon is the most famous of Wales's castles and has been made famous through its connection with the royal family. The first English Prince of Wales was born here in 1284 and in 1969 the castle took centre stage to play host to the Investiture of Prince Charles as Prince of Wales.